Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 22
Filter
1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 56: e0341, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1422881

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The long-term effects of schistosomiasis on the glomerulus may contribute to the development of chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to investigate baseline Schistosoma mansoni-Circulating Anodic Antigen (CAA) levels and their association with kidney biomarkers related to podocyte injury and inflammation in long-term follow-up after praziquantel (PZQ) treatment. Methods: Schistosoma infection was diagnosed by detecting CAA in urine using a quantitative assay based on lateral flow using luminescent up-converting phosphor reporter particles. A cutoff threshold of 0.1 pg/mL CAA was used to diagnose Schistosoma infection (baseline) in a low-prevalence area in Ceará, Northeast, Brazil. Two groups were included: CAA-positive and CAA-negative individuals, both of which received a single dose of PZQ at baseline. Urinary samples from 55 individuals were evaluated before (baseline) and at 1, 2, and 3 years after PZQ treatment. At all time points, kidney biomarkers were quantified in urine and adjusted for urinary creatinine levels. Results: CAA-positive patients had increased baseline albuminuria and proteinuria and showed greater associations between kidney biomarkers. CAA levels correlated only with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) (podocyte injury) levels. Increasing trends were observed for malondialdehyde (oxidative stress), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (inflammation marker), and VEGF. In the follow-up analysis, no relevant differences were observed in kidney biomarkers between the groups and different periods. Conclusions: S. mansoni-infected individuals presented subclinical signs of glomerular damage that may reflect podocyte injury. However, no causal effect on long-term renal function was observed after PZQ treatment.

2.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 56: e0238, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1422897

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The World Health Organization recommends a market-ready, urine-based point-of-care diagnostic test for circulating cathodic antigens (CCA) to determine the prevalence of S. mansoni. This study evaluated the performance of the URINE CCA (SCHISTO) ECO TESTE® (POC-ECO), which is currently available in Brazil. Methods: Residents from eight sites with different prevalence estimates provided one urine sample for POC-ECO and one stool sample for Kato-Katz (KK) and Helmintex® (HTX) testing as an egg-detecting reference for infection status. Results: None of the study sites had significantly higher POC-ECO accuracy than KK. Conclusions: POC-ECO is not currently recommended in Brazilian schistosomiasis elimination programs.

3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 55: e0431, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387522

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: We analyzed the trends and spatial patterns of schistosomiasis-related mortality in Northeast Brazil in 2000-2019. Methods: A mixed population-based ecological study was conducted, using information on the underlying or associated causes of death. We used Joinpoint regression analysis to calculate the trends. The spatial analysis included rates, spatial moving averages, and standardized mortality rates. The spatial dependence analysis was based on Getis-Ord's G and Gi* indices (Gi star) and local Moran's index to check for autocorrelation. Results: A total of 5,814,268 deaths were recorded, of which 9,276 (0.16%) were schistosomiasis-related; 51.0% (n=4,732, adjusted rate 0.90/100,000 inhabitants [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.93]) were males; 40.0% (n=3,715, adjusted rate 7.40/100.000 inhabitants [95%CI: 7.16-7.64]) were ≥70 years old; 54.8% (n=5,087, crude rate 0.80/100,000 inhabitants) were of mixed/Pardo-Brazilian ethnicity; and 77.9% (n=7,229, adjusted rate 0.86/100,000 inhabitants [95%CI: 0.84-0.88]) lived outside state capitals. The highest proportion of deaths was in the state of Pernambuco (53.9%, n=4,996, adjusted rate 2.72/100,000 inhabitants [95%CI: 2.64-2.79]). Increasing mortality rate was verified in the state of Sergipe. On the coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia, there was spatial dependence of spatio-temporal risk patterns with clusters. Throughout the study period, we found positive spatial autocorrelation and cluster formation. Conclusions: In Northeast Brazil, schistosomiasis persists with a high mortality rate, especially in the coastal region, with heterogeneous spatial and temporal patterns. To eliminate schistosomiasis by 2030, it is necessary to strengthen the financing and management of the unified health system (SUS).

4.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177059

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Orofacial clefts (OFC) are a heterogeneous group of birth defects arising in about 1.7/1000 newborns. They can occur with other congenital anomalies, including heart defects. We aim to describe a population with orofacial clefts and associated cardiac anomalies. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients attended in the Cleft Lip and Palate Multidisciplinary Group outpatient clinic at Hospital Universitario São João, Porto-Portugal. Medical records from January 1992 through December 2018 were reviewed. Patients were divided into four groups according to the Spina classification: cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP), isolated cleft palate (CP) and atypical cleft (AC). Further categorization included gender, affected relatives, associated congenital anomalies and syndromes. RESULTS: From the 588 patients included, 77 (13%) presented cardiac anomalies. Of those with orofacial cleft and cardiac anomalies, 53% were males and 17% had known affected relatives. CP was the most common cleft among patients with cardiac anomaly (~56%). Additional congenital anomalies were found in 89.7% of patients, namely facial defects, central nervous system, renal and skeletal malformations. A recognizable syndrome was identified in 61.5%, being Pierre-Robin the most common (n=22), followed by 22q11.2 microdeletion (n=9). Bothadditional congenital anomalies and recognizable syndromes were significantlymore prevalent in patients with heart disease (p<0.05). The main groups of cardiac anomalies were left-to-right shunt (n=47) and right ventricular outflow tractobstruction (n=14). From these, 26 had a ventricular septal defect, 15 atrial septal defect and seven patients had tetralogy of Fallot. Five patients had dysrhythmias. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the high prevalence of cardiac anomalies in the cleft population, a routine cardiac evaluation should be performed in all these patients.


INTRODUÇÃO: As fendas lábio-palatinas são um grupo heterogêneo de defeitos congênitos que ocorrem em cerca de 1,7 / 1000 recém-nascidos. Eles podem ocorrer com outras anomalias congênitas, incluindo defeitos cardíacos. O nosso objetivo é descrever uma população com fendas lábio-palatinas e anomalias cardíacas associadas. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de doentes seguidos pelo Grupo Multidisciplinar de Fendas Lábio-Palatinas no Hospital Universitário São João, Porto-Portugal. Foram analisados os prontuários médicos de janeiro de 1992 a dezembro de 2018. Os doentes foram divididos em quatro grupos, de acordo com a classificação de Spina: fenda labial (CL), fenda labial e palatina (CLP), fenda palatina isolada (PC) e fenda atípica (CA). Outras categorizações incluíram sexo, parentes afetados, anomalias e síndromes congênitas associadas. RESULTADOS: Dos 588 pacientes incluídos, 77 (13%) apresentaram anomalias cardíacas. Daqueles com fenda e anomalias cardíacas, 53% eram do sexo masculino e 17% tinham parentes afetados. A PC foi a fenda mais comum entre os doentes com anomalia cardíaca (aproximadamente 56%). Anomalias congénitas adicionais, como defeitos faciais, malformações do sistema nervoso central, renais e esqueléticas foram encontradas em 89,7%. Síndromes foram identificadas em 61,5%, sendo Pierre-Robin a mais comum (n = 22), seguida pela microdeleção 22q11.2 (n = 9). Anomalias congénitas adicionais e a presença de uma síndrome genética foram significativamente mais prevalentes em doentes com doença cardíaca associada (p <0,05). Os principais grupos de anomalias cardíacas foram shunt da esquerda para a direita (n = 47) e obstrução da via de saída do ventrículo direito (n = 14). Destes, 26 apresentaram comunicação interventricular, 15 comunicação interauricular e sete pacientes apresentaram tetralogia de Fallot. Cinco pacientes apresentaram disritmias. CONCLUSÕES: Devido à elevada prevalência de anomalias cardíacas na população de doentes com Fenda Lábio-Palatina, aconselhamos uma avaliação cardíaca de rotina em todos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cleft Lip , Congenital Abnormalities , Cleft Palate , Heart Defects, Congenital
5.
Rev. patol. trop ; 49(3): 177-190, 2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1151954

ABSTRACT

In Latin America 96% of the cases of schistosomiasis occur in Brazil in low-socioeconomic status populations. The epidemiological characteristics and occurrence predictors of Schistosoma mansoni infection were determined in the Bananeiras community, located in Capistrano, a town in Ceará state, Brazil. Sanitary, environmental, socioeconomic, and behavioral data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. An investigation to assess S. mansoni infection was conducted using the Kato-Katz and Point-of-Care Circulating Cathodic Antigen (POC-CCA) methods. From the 258 subjects were analyzed, 54.3% (n=140) were women, median age 30 years. Thirty-three (12.8%) individuals were positive by either egg- and/or CCA-positivity. The highest positivity rate was found in the 30-39 year old group. There was no piped water supply, sewage network or municipal refuse collection service. Most individuals were illiterate or had not finished elementary school (66.3%). About 29.1% of the families had a monthly income below one Brazilian minimum wage and 91.1% reported contact with natural water sources. We found an association between infection and age group of 20-40 years, illiteracy, household with 7 inhabitants or more, household with up to 3 rooms and an outhouse. Contrarily, being 40 years old or older and household with up to 6 inhabitants were not risk factors. Schistosomiasis remains a public health problem in this municipality, evidencing a strong association with low socioeconomic conditions and high vulnerability. These findings reinforce the importance of identifying the factors associated with the infection for more effective guidance in actions in control programs targeting schistosomiasis prevention and control.


Subject(s)
Humans , Poverty , Schistosoma mansoni , Schistosomiasis , Epidemiology , Infections , Antigens
6.
Fractal rev. psicol ; 31(spe): 276-281, set.-dez. 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1056220

ABSTRACT

Diante do cenário de crises e mudanças socioambientais, o objetivo é: (a) indicar a uma epistemologia ancorada na lente ecofeminista para entender as relações humanas e as relações com o ambiente em certo contexto social; (b) propor uma cosmovisão segundo a abordagem aqui denominada ecopsicossocial com base na compatibilidade e na complementaridade. A partir de uma pesquisa em andamento, cujo estudo de caso são as mulheres nas comunidades de pesca na região de Arraial do Cabo/RJ, o artigo apresenta uma revisão de documentos relativos à atividade, e análise qualitativa de depoimentos das mulheres da pesca no documentário Ardentia. Considerados os sentimentos e as ações das pescadoras - que, paulatinamente ultrapassam suas limitações na ação cotidiana e na reflexão constante sobre seu papel - conclui-se que o fazer feminino se articula na superação, na renovação e na reapropriação de um sentido que está sendo reinventado por elas: o lugar da mulher na pesca.(AU)


In view of the current scenery of crises and socioenvironmental changes, the goal is: (a) to indicate an epistemology anchored in the ecofeminist lens to understand human relationships and relationships with the environment in a certain social context; (b) to propose a worldview according to the approach here called na ecopsychosocial based on compatibility and complementarity. Based on an ongoing research, whose case studies are women in artisanal fishing communities in the region of "Arraial do Cabo/RJ", the article presents a review of documents related to the activity, and qualitative analysis of the documentary "Ardentia". Taken into account the feelings and actions of the fisherwomen - who gradually overcome their limitations through daily action and constant reflection about their role - the conclusion is that this feminine activity is overcoming, renewing, reappropriating and completely redefining women´s place in the fishing scenario. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Women, Working , Environment , Fisheries
7.
Estud. pesqui. psicol. (Impr.) ; 19(2): 366-386, maio-ago. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1010050

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta uma análise dos testemunhos de sobreviventes ao desastre ocorrido em 2011, no Vale do Cuiabá (Petrópolis, RJ), região serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de uma abordagem psicossocial. Os testemunhos foram coletados sete anos após a tragédia por meio de entrevistas individuais e grupais e mostram que o desastre continua. Dentre os resultados, evidencia-se que as pessoas entrevistadas se percebem como sobreviventes e não como afetados, atingidos ou vítimas; a vivência do abandono permanece com a ausência do Estado; e a precariedade das políticas públicas praticadas fragmentaram as relações comunitárias, gerando comprometimento da comunicação interpessoal. Destaca-se que o desastre permanece enquanto durar o sofrimento social dos envolvidos e que os profissionais que atuam nesse campo necessitam desenvolver uma escuta qualificada.(AU)


This paper presents an analysis of testimonies taken from survivors of 2011 Vale do Cuiabá (Petrópolis, RJ) disaster, located at the highland region of Rio de Janeiro State, based on a psychosocial approach. Testimonies were collected seven years after the tragedy through individual and group interviews. They reveal that the disaster still goes on for those people. Among the results, it is evident that respondents perceived themselves as survivors and not as affected population or victims; the experience of abandonment remains with the absence of State; and the public policies model has shattered communitarian relationship, compromising interpersonal communication. It stands out that the disaster will endure while social suffering from affected people remains, and there is a necessity of developing a more comprehensive and qualified approach for the professionals who take action on disaster situations.(AU)


Este artículo presenta un análisis de los testimonios de los supervivientes del desastre ocurrido en el 2011, en el "Valle del Cuiabá" (Petrópolis, RJ), en la región montañosa del Estado de Rio de Janeiro, a partir de un enfoque psicosocial. Los testimonios fueron recogidos tras siete años de la tragedia por medio de entrevistas individuales y grupales. Para los participantes, el desastre sigue. En los resultados se hace muy evidente que las personas entrevistadas se perciben como supervivientes y no como afectados o víctimas; la vivencia de abandono permanece con la ausencia del Estado; y la precariedad de las políticas públicas implementadas fragmentó las relaciones comunitarias, generando fragilidad en la comunicación interpersonal. Se destaca que el desastre permanece mientras dure el sufrimiento social de los involucrados y que existe necesidad de desarrollo de la escucha cualificada para los profesionales que actúan en los desastres.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Disasters , Psychology, Social , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Brazil , Survivors
8.
Cogit. Enferm. (Online) ; 23(3): e55911, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-984259

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar a difusão da inovação tecnológica "estratégia e-SUS AB" em uma equipe de saúde da família do oeste de Minas Gerais. Método: estudo de caso único de abordagem qualitativa à luz da Teoria da Difusão da Inovação e do Modelo de Aceitação de Tecnologia. A coleta de dados compreendeu entrevista e observação direta do cotidiano de trabalho de uma equipe. Os dados foram sistematizados no software Atlas ti e analisados através da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: a inovação proporciona suporte no planejamento da assistência por dispor de dados individualizados, além de aprimorar o cotidiano de trabalho. Entretanto, sua difusão tem gerado, predominantemente, sobrecarga de trabalho e outras dificuldades que se conformam como limitadores de sua aceitação pelos profissionais de saúde. Conclusão: a difusão da estratégia e-SUS AB como uma inovação tecnológica tem apresentado situações potencializadoras de sua aceitação, porém predominaram situações que podem conduzir à sua rejeição.


Objetivo: analizar la difusión de la innovación tecnológica "estrategia e-SUS AB" en un equipo de salud de la familia del oeste de Minas Gerais. Método: estudio de caso único con enfoque cualitativo a la luz de la Teoría de Difusión de Innovaciones y del Modelo de Aceptación de Tecnología. Para recolectar los datos se llevaron a cabo entrevista y observación directa del trabajo cotidiano de un equipo. Los datos fueron sistematizados en el software Atlas ti y analizados a través del Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: la innovación provee apoyo en la planificación de la atención por disponer de datos individualizados, además de perfeccionar el trabajo cotidiano. Sin embargo, su difusión ha generado predominantemente sobrecarga de trabajo y otras dificultades que representan limitadores de su aceptación por los profesionales de salud. Conclusión: la difusión de la estrategia e-SUS AB como una innovación tecnológica ha presentado situaciones que potencializan su aceptación, pero predominaron situaciones que pueden llevar a su rechazo.


Objective: analyze the diffusion of the technological innovation "e-SUS AB strategy" in a Family health team in the West of Minas Gerais. Method: single case study with a qualitative approach in the light of the Innovation Diffusion Theory and the Technology Acceptance Model. The data collection included an interview and direct observation of a team's daily work. The data were systemized in the software Atlas ti and analyzed through Content Analysis. Results: the innovation supports the care planning because it makes individualized data available and improves the daily work. Nevertheless, its diffusion has predominantly produced a work overload and other difficulties that limit its acceptance by the health professionals. Conclusion: the diffusion of the e-SUS AB strategy as a technological innovation has presented situations that strengthen its acceptance, but situations that can lead to its rejection were predominant.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Medical Informatics , Diffusion of Innovation , Information Technology , Health Information Systems
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 50(5): 658-665, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-897006

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The development of the São Francisco River Integration Project [Projeto de Integração do Rio São Francisco (PISF)] in the State of Ceará, Brazil, has resulted in environmental and socioeconomic changes with potential risks to public health. We aimed to determine the presence of Schistosoma mansoni infections in schoolchildren (aged 7-14 years) and workers from the construction site in an area under the direct influence of the PISF in the municipality of Brejo Santo-CE, to aid in the prevention and control of schistosomiasis. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using two S. mansoni-detection methods: detection of S. mansoni eggs by the Kato-Katz parasitological method in stool samples (assessed in triplicate for each sample) and S. mansoni circulating cathodic antigen by the point-of-care immunochromatographic rapid test (POC-CCA) in urine. RESULTS In general, the positivity rates for S. mansoni detection were 1.9% (2/106) among schoolchildren and 2.9% (4/138) among workers. No child had evidence of S. mansoni eggs in their stools; 1.9% tested positive by the POC-CCA method. Among workers, two (1.4%) tested positive by the Kato-Katz test and three (2.2%) by the POC-CCA test. If the POC-CCA test results that were scored as traces were considered negative, then the positivity rates dropped to 0.9% and 0.7% for schoolchildren and workers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The active transmission of schistosomiasis in a region covered by the PISF was recognized, reinforcing the necessity to consolidate surveillance and control actions, as well as structural sanitation measures to reverse the social determinants of the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Schistosoma mansoni/isolation & purification , Schistosomiasis mansoni/urine , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology , Rivers , Parasite Egg Count , Rural Population , Socioeconomic Factors , Schistosomiasis mansoni/prevention & control , Schistosomiasis mansoni/transmission , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Chromatography, Affinity , Point-of-Care Testing , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases
10.
Cad. saúde pública ; 31(5): 960-970, 05/2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-749082

ABSTRACT

O Estudo de abordagem qualitativa que teve como objetivo analisar o contexto atual de definição e implementação da Política Nacional de Informação e Informática em Saúde (PNIIS). Realizaram-se pesquisa documental e aplicação de um formulário online aos envolvidos com a definição da PNIIS no cenário nacional. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade Temático Categorial. Verificou-se que a PNIIS em construção é alvo de debates e proposições em diversas instâncias. Normativas emergem em paralelo para regulamentar ações de informação e informática em saúde. A participação da população na construção desta política e a convergência das leis, normas, resoluções e instâncias para a formulação de uma política comum, reconhecida, legitimada e implementada são desafios, bem como articulação entre o público e o privado. Conclui-se que o panorama da PNIIS no cenário nacional avança lentamente, predominantemente em debates teóricos, revisões e atualizações. Há muitos desafios para sua implementação e prevalece a necessidade de legitimação.


The This qualitative study aimed to analyze the development and implementation of the Brazilian National Policy on Health Data and Information Technology (NPIIH). We analyzed documents and applied an online questionnaire to the experts involved in developing the policy. The data were submitted to content analysis using the categorical thematic modality. The PNIIS is the target of debate and proposals at various levels. Provisions have appeared in parallel to regulate measures on health data and information technology. Community participation in developing this policy and the convergence of laws, standards, resolutions, and policy-making levels in a common and broadly acknowledged and enforced policy are challenges, in addition to linking the public and private sectors. The study concludes that the National Policy on Health Data and Information Technology is making gradual progress, predominantly in theoretical debates, revisions, and updates. There are numerous challenges for its implementation and a prevailing need for legitimation.


Este estudio cualitativo tuvo como objetivo analizar el contexto actual de la definición e implementación de la Política Nacional de Información e Informática en Salud (PNIIS). Hemos llevado a cabo la investigación documental y la aplicación de un formulario en línea para los que participan en la definición de PNIIS en la escena nacional. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados mediante análisis de contenido, modalidad temática categórica. La PNIIS en construcción es objeto de debates y propuestas en varios casos. Las normas emergen en paralelo para regular las acciones de información y de la informática de la salud. La participación popular en la construcción de esta política y la convergencia de las leyes, reglamentos, resoluciones y órganos para la formulación de una política común, reconocida así como la interacción entre lo público y lo privado. Se concluye que las perspectivas para PNIIS en la escena nacional avanza lentamente, sobre todo en los debates teóricos, revisiones y actualizaciones. Hay muchos retos para su implementación, pero sigue siendo una necesidad legítima.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Information Management/methods , Medical Informatics/methods , National Health Programs/trends , Brazil , Health Policy , Health Information Management/instrumentation , Health Information Management/standards , Medical Informatics/standards , Public Policy , Qualitative Research
11.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 47(6): 770-774, Nov-Dec/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732977

ABSTRACT

Introduction Schistosomiasis is endemic in 76 countries and territories. Several studies have found an inverse correlation between parasitic disease and the development of allergies. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether infection with Schistosoma mansoni in subjects with a low parasite load is protective against allergy. The final sample consisted of 39 S. mansoni-positive and 52 S. mansoni-negative residents of a small community in northeastern Brazil. Methods All subjects were submitted to the Kato-Katz test, anti-S. mansoni IgG measurement, the prick test for aeroallergens, eosinophil counts and serum IgE measurement. Results Subjects who reacted to one or more antigens in the prick test were considered allergic. Only 7 S. mansoni-positive subjects (17.9%) reacted to one or more antigens, whereas 20 S. mansoni-negative subjects (38.5%) tested positive for allergy. Conclusions Our findings suggest that, in areas of low endemicity, infection with S. mansoni significantly reduces the risk of the development of allergy in subjects with a low parasite load. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Allergens/immunology , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/immunology , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Feces/parasitology , Immunoglobulin E , Parasite Egg Count , Skin Tests , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology
12.
Rev. enferm. Cent.-Oeste Min ; 4(1): 1004-1018, jan.-abr.2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-733759

ABSTRACT

Estudo de abordagem qualitativa que buscou identificar e analisar os marcos legais do direito à informação em saúde noBrasil. Utilizou-se da pesquisa documental a partirde normatizações, Relatórios de Conferências Nacionais de Saúde e oPlano Nacional de Saúde. Os dados foram analisadossegundo a Análise de Conteúdo. Verificou-se que a Constituiçãofederal brasileira, a Lei de Acesso a Informação e aLei Orgânica da Saúde compõem a base fundamental dodireito aoacesso às informações em saúde. A política nacionalde informação e informática em saúde, em suas versões, tambémelucida o direito a informação como sua premissa maior. Entretanto, reconhece-se que a garantia do direito a informaçãoem saúde, além das leis, depende de políticas públicas de informação legitimadas, e a melhor estruturação do país no quetange ao acesso, coleta, armazenamento, qualificação, análise e disseminação de informações. Conclui-se que no Brasil, odireito a informação em saúde, apesar de possuir marcos legais explícitos, ainda precisa ter o seu exercício materializado na atual prática informacional.


Qualitative study that sought to identify and analyze the legal marks of the right to health information in Brazil. We usedthe documentary research from norms, reports National Conferences on Health and the National Health Plan. Data wereanalyzed using Content Analysis. It was found thatthe Brazilian Federal Constitution, the Law on Access to Informationand Health Law make up the basic fundamental right of access to health information. However, it is recognized that itsguarantee, beyond the laws, depends on public policies legitimized information, and better structuringof the country interms of access, collection, storage, qualification, analysis and dissemination of information. We conclude that in Brazil,the right to health information, despite having explicit legal marks still need their exercise materialized in the currentinformationalpraxis.


Un estudio cualitativo que buscó identificar y analizar el marco legal del derecho a la información desalud en Brasil. Seutilizó la investigación documental de las normas,los informes de las Conferencias Nacionales de Salud y el Plan Nacionalde Salud. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el análisis de contenido. Se constató que la Constitución Federal de Brasil,la Ley de Acceso a la Información de la Salud y constituyen el derecho fundamental básico de acceso a la informaciónsanitaria. La política nacional de información y lainformática de la salud en sus versiones también aclara el derecho a lainformación como una premisa mayor. Sin embargo, se reconoce que la garantía del derecho a la información de la salud,allá de las leyes, depende de las políticas públicas legitimadas de información y una mejor estructuración del país entérminos de acceso, recogida, almacenamiento, clasificación, análisis y difusión de información. Podemos concluir de queen Brasil, el derecho a la información sanitaria, apesar de contar con marcos legales explícitos siguen necesitando suejercicio materializado en la práctica informativaactual.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Access to Information , Delivery of Health Care , Health Communication , Public Information , Consumer Health Information , Privacy , Health Promotion , Health Information Systems , Qualitative Research
13.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 108(8): 1037-1044, 6/dez. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-697144

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method to detect Schistosoma mansoni DNA in stool samples from individuals living in a low-endemicity area in Brazil. Of the 125 initial stool samples, 80 were ELISA reactive and eggs were identified in 19 of the samples by parasitological examination. For the PCR evaluations, 56 stool samples were selected and divided into five groups. Groups I-IV were scored negative for S. mansoni eggs by parasitological examination. Groups I and II were ELISA reactive, whereas Groups III and IV were ELISA nonreactive. Groups II and III were positive for other intestinal parasites. PCR testing scored eight samples as positive from these four groups. Group V represented the S. mansoni -positive group and it included ELISA-reactive samples that were scored positive for S. mansoni by one or more parasitological examinations (6/19 were positive by Kato-Katz method, 9/17 by saline gradient and 10/13 by Helmintex®). PCR scored 13 of these 19 samples as positive for S. mansoni . We conclude that while none of these methods yielded 100% sensitivity, a combination of techniques should be effective for improving the detection of S. mansoni infection in low-endemicity areas.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , DNA, Helminth/genetics , Feces/parasitology , Schistosoma mansoni/genetics , Schistosomiasis mansoni/diagnosis , Brazil , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Parasite Egg Count/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Schistosoma mansoni/isolation & purification
14.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 107(7): 873-876, Nov. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656042

ABSTRACT

Laboratory diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis mansoni can be accomplished through various methods of stool examination to detect parasites, ranging from the most classic tests (Kato-Katz) to several methods that are still undergoing validation. This study was conducted to assess two new parasite identification methods for diagnosing schistosomiasis mansoni in residents of a low endemic area in the municipality of Maranguape, in the state of Ceará, Brazil using the Kato-Katz method as a reference and serology (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) for the screening of patients. The Kato-Katz, the saline gradient method and the Helmintex® method parasite identification methods were employed only in subjects who exhibited positive serologic tests. The test results were then analysed and treatment of positive individuals was subsequently performed. After comparing the test results, we observed that the saline gradient method and the Helmintex® method were more effective in diagnosing schistosomiasis mansoni in the study area compared with the Kato-Katz method.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Humans , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Feces/parasitology , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Parasite Egg Count , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity
15.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 45(4): 510-513, July-Aug. 2012. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-646906

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The laboratory diagnosis of schistosomiasis is based mainly on the detection of parasite eggs in stool samples through the Kato-Katz (KK) technique, reading one slide by test. However, a widely known limitation of parasitological methods is reduced sensitivity, particularly in low endemic areas. METHODS: To increase sensitivity, we conducted further slide readings from the same stool sample using the parasitological method associated with a serological test. We used the KK method (three slides) and the IgG anti-Schistosoma mansoni-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique to diagnose schistosomiasis in low endemic areas in the Brazilian State of Ceará. Fecal samples and sera from 250 individuals were analyzed. RESULTS: Sixteen percent and 47.2% of samples were positive in parasitological tests and serological tests, respectively. Parasitological methods showed that 32 (80%) individuals tested positive on the first slide, 6 (15%) on the second slide, and 2 (5%) on the third. The performance of the ELISA test in the diagnosis, using the KK method as diagnostic reference, showed a negative predictive value of 100%, with specificity and positive predictive values of 62.8% and 33.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the increase from one to three slides analyzed per sample using the KK technique was shown to be a useful procedure for increasing the diagnostic sensitivity of this technique.


INTRODUÇÃO: O diagnóstico laboratorial da esquistossomose é baseada principalmente na detecção de ovos do parasito nas fezes, realizada pela técnica de Kato-Katz (KK), com a leitura de uma lâmina por teste. No entanto, uma limitação conhecida dos métodos coproscópicos é a reduzida sensibilidade, especialmente nas áreas de baixa endemicidade. MÉTODOS: A fim de reduzir essa limitação, realizamos mais leituras da mesma amostra de fezes pelo método coproscópico e associamos a um teste sorológico.Utilizamos o método de KK (três lâminas) e a técnica de IgG-ELISA, buscando aumentar a sensibilidade do diagnóstico da esquistossomose em área de baixa endemicidade, no Estado Brasileiro do Ceará. Amostras de fezes e soro de 250 indivíduos foram analisadas. RESULTADOS: Destas, 40 e 118 foram positivas nos testes coproscópico e sorológico, respectivamente. Na coproscopia, 32 (80%) indivíduos tiveram testes positivos na primeira lâmina, 6 (15%) na segunda e 2 (5%) apenas na terceira lâmina. O desempenho do teste de ELISA no diagnóstico utilizando-se o método KK como referência de diagnóstico, demonstrou valor preditivo negativo de 100% mas a especificidade e o valor preditivo positivo foram de 62,8% e 33,9%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: Neste estudo, o aumento de uma para três lâminas analisadas por amostra pelo KK, mostrou ser um procedimento útil para o aumento da sensibilidade diagnóstica desta técnica.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Feces/parasitology , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Schistosoma mansoni/isolation & purification , Schistosomiasis mansoni/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Parasite Egg Count/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology
16.
Temas desenvolv ; 14(83/84): 4-13, nov.-dez. 2005-jan.-fev. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-530408

ABSTRACT

O estudo tem por objetivo discutir as bases biológicas sobre as quais se desenvolveu a neuropsicologia contemporânea, com o intuito de fornecer subsídios a educadores interessados no estudo das dificuldades e dos distúrbios de aprendizagem. Uma teoria da aprendizagem efetiva deve levar em conta os substratos anatômicos cerebrais e os mecanismos neurofisiológicos do comportamento, pois só assim o educador poderá compreender o não-aprender do aluno e, consequentemente, adotar estratégias adequadas para supera-lo.


The objective of the present review is to discuss biological bases of contemporary neuropsychology with the purpose to provide fundamental concepts to educators interested it the study of learning disabilities. An effective learning theory must consider brain and mental processes since in this only case the educator can understand why the student doesn't learn, and so can adopt adequated strategies to improve his/her cognitive rehabilitation.


Subject(s)
Science/history , Neurosciences/history , Neuropsychology/history , Learning Disabilities
17.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 35(1): 39-40, 2003. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-394103

ABSTRACT

Dentre as doenças que ocorrem na infância, os parasitos intestinais têm uma grande importância em medicina social. Admitindo o possível papel do material sub-ungueal na transmissão das enteroparasitoses foram analisadas amostras de material sub-ungueal e fecal de 47 crianças da Creche Aprisco de ambos os sexos de 1 a 6 anos de idade, através dos métodos de Hoffman e direto. Das 47 amostras de fezes e sub-ungueal analizadas 41 (87 porcento) e 21 (44,7 porcento) apresentaram resultados positivos, respectivamente, para um ou mais parasitos. Nós observamos um índice de 68,8 porcento para protozoários contra 31,2 porcento para helmintos em fezes, enquanto que no material sub-ungueal a ocorrência foi de 76,2 porcento contra 23,8 porcento. A maior ocorrência de material sub-ungueal foi na faixa etária entre 1-3 anos enquanto que nas fezes a faixa etária mais acometida foi de 4-6 anos. Os parasitos achados com maior freqüência nas amostras sub-ungueais foram Entamoeba coli (15 porcento) e Hymenolepis nana (8 porcento). Não obstante, nas fezes a ocorrência maior foi para Giardia lamblia (38,1 porcento) e Ascaris lumbricoides (40 porcento). Nós concluímos que existe correlação entre o tipo de parasita achado nas fezes e nas unhas indicando a provável participação dos depósitos sub-ungueais na transmissão dos parasitos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Ascaris lumbricoides , Entamoeba , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Feces , Giardia lamblia , Hymenolepis , Nails , Eukaryota , Helminths , Incidence
18.
Rev. bras. genét ; 19(4): 633-6, dez. 1996. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-189688

ABSTRACT

Os autores descrevem 27 pessoas (11 mulheres) pertencentes a cinco geraçöes de uma mesma família, com uma displasia ectodérmica aparentemente nova na literatura. Todos os afetados têm apenas alteraçöes dentárias e/ou ungueais. A análise genealógica sugere que a causa é devida a um gene autossômico dominante. O diagnóstico diferencial considerou oito afecçöes pertencentes ao mesmo subgrupo odonto-oníquico, assim como também as afecçöes hipodontia e disgenesia ungueal e síndrome dente e unha de Fried (ambas pertencentes ao subgrupo 1-2-3).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Tooth Abnormalities/genetics , Ectodermal Dysplasia/genetics , Nail Diseases/genetics , Chromosome Aberrations/genetics , Diagnosis, Differential , X Chromosome
19.
Rev. bras. genét ; 10(2): 403-14, jun. 1987. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-42196

ABSTRACT

Um total de 23 displasias ectodérmicas descritas após 1984 (inclusive) ou que chegaram ao nosso conhecimento após esta data foi classificado de acordo com o critério de Freire-Maia (1971) e somado a todas as outras afecçöes analisadas por Freire-Maia e Pinheiro (1984). Apresenta-se uma análise de todas as afecçöes pertencentes a este grupo nosológico


Subject(s)
Humans , Ectodermal Dysplasia/classification
20.
Rev. bras. genét ; 8(4): 775-8, dez. 1985.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-30119

ABSTRACT

Descreve-se um rapaz com alteraçöes nas unhas e nos pêlos assim como com xerodermia. Uma de suas irmäs, falecida na infância, apresentava a mesma afecçäo. Uma de suas primas, filha de primos em primeiro grau, apresenta um quadro clínico mais grave do que o descrito no probando. Trata-se de uma displasia ectodérmica do subgrupo 1-3 provavelmente devida a gene autossômico recessivo


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Ectodermal Dysplasia/genetics
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL